Table 5. Anti-obesity activity of peptide from by-product fisheries and aquaculture

Protein source		BW gain or final BW	Food intake	Adipose tissue	Total cholesterol	Fecal total lipid
Sardines Sardina pilchardus (Affane et al., 2018)	Viscera, heads, skins and edges	0.17 g/day/rat	16.13 g/day/rat	2.58	1.51 mmol/L	76.8 mg/day/rat
	Fillet	0.64 g/day/rat	20.49 g/day/rat	2.87	1.60 mmol/L	68.5 mg/day/rat
	Control (Casein)	1.10 g/day/rat	25.27 g/day/rat	3.14	2.20 mmol/L	56.9 mg/day/rat
Tuna Thunnus orientalis (Maeda et al., 2017)	Dark muscle	0.50 g/day	129 g	4.19	~0.25 mg/g	NA
	Control (Casein)	0.45 g/day	124 g	3.95	~0.35 mg/g	NA
Tuna (Lee et al., 2017)	Skin	0.216 g/day/rat	33.24 g/day/rat	Smaller cell size	1,670 mg/L	NA
	Control (high fat diet)	0.365 g/day/rat	35.30 g/day/rat	Bigger cell size	2,245 mg/L	NA
Skate Raja kenojei (Woo et al., 2018)	Skin	33.3 g	1.5-2 g/day	1.5%-2%	~400 mg/L	NA
	Control (high fat diet)	36.6 g	2-2.5 g/day	2.5%-3%	~400 mg/L	NA

BW, body weight; NA, not available.