Table 2
Inhibitory activity of HSS and its solvent-soluble fractions on the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in TNF-α-stimulated HUVECs

Fractions

IC50 (μg/mL)a

Yields (%)c

ICAM-1b

VCAM-1b

Ethanolic extract

7.25 ± 0.53

6.67 ± 0.31

100 ± 5.2

n-Hexane

4.55 ± 0.52

3.61 ± 0.22

66.1 ± 4.3

Ethyl acetate

2.29 ± 0.13

4.53 ± 0.28

9.23 ± 1.2

n-Butanol

≥ 100

≥ 100

17.5 ± 1.9

Water

≥ 100

≥ 100

8.12 ± 1.4