Table 2. Studies on the interaction between polyphenols from seaweeds and gut microbiota

Seaweed sources	Polyphenol type	Effect on gut	Reference
Sargassum fusiforme	Polyphenol A	Modulates gut microbiota, reduces inflammation	Cheng et al. (2019)
Laminaria japonica	Polyphenol B	Enhances Lactobacillus, decreases Peptococcus	Shang et al. (2016)
Ascophyllum nodosum	Polyphenol C	Increases Blautia, Clostridiales, Akkermansia	Shang et al. (2017)
Undaria pinnatifida	Polyphenol D	Lowers cholesterol, enhances Oscillospira, Prevotella	Cheng et al. (2019)
Fucus vesiculosus	Polyphenol E	Regulates obesity, inflammation, and hyperlipidemia	Li et al. (2019)
Chondrus crispus	Polyphenol F	Reduces impacts of high-fat diets	Li et al. (2019)