Table 5. Free amino acid accumulation in the intestine of juvenile olive flounder following the acute temperature stress exposure

Free amino acids	Treatment							Pr > F
	Control	Tau0.56	Tau0.96	Tau1.50	Tau2.01	Tau2.54	Taurine2.87	ANOVA	Linear	Quadratic
Phosposerine	3.94 ± 0.34	4.66 ± 0.26	4.77 ± 0.52	4.72 ± 0.57	5.18 ± 0.3	5.04 ± 0.66	5.21 ± 0.37	0.5088	0.0981	0.6865
Taurine	46.1 ± 2.4b	73.8 ± 1.4a	72.5 ± 4.3a	68.7 ± 5.4ab	76.0 ± 3.5a	71.8 ± 10.0a	72.4 ± 4.9a	0.01781)	0.00511)	0.04311)
Aspartic acid	19.2 ± 2.0	23.2 ± 0.8	24.5 ± 3.0	21.1 ± 1.7	24.0 ± 1.6	24.1 ± 4.2	25.2 ± 3.8	0.7363	0.4056	0.5201
Threonine	21.8 ± 2.2	26.5 ± 0.9	27.2 ± 3.4	24.7 ± 3.3	28.9 ± 1.1	27.9 ± 4.8	29.2 ± 4.3	0.6738	0.2383	0.7300
Serine	27.0 ± 2.3	32.7 ± 0.9	33.2 ± 3.5	30.3 ± 3.5	35.2 ± 1.0	34.2 ± 5.7	35.2 ± 4.6	0.6365	0.2222	0.7029
Asparagine	43.4 ± 3.8	51.3 ± 1.1	46.3 ± 5.1	50.8 ± 5.2	56. 7 ± 8.8	51.7 ± 7.1	56.9 ± 8.0	0.6823	0.1986	0.8122
Glutamic acid	49.9 ± 3.5	62.5 ± 2.1	60.7 ± 7.2	56.1 ± 6.7	64.8 ± 2.1	63.2 ± 10.8	67.3 ± 9.4	0.6175	0.2907	0.6789
a-amino adipic acid	2.09 ± 0.29	3.27 ± 0.22	2.97 ± 0.45	3.89 ± 1.07	3.19 ± 0.17	2.66 ± 0.66	2.86 ± 0.44	0.4333	0.1227	0.2318
Proline	18.1 ± 2.0	21.9 ± 0.8	23.1 ± 2.6	18.8 ± 2.4	21.7 ± 2.0	24.6 ± 5.1	18.4 ± 9.5	0.9120	0.7816	0.6627
Glycine	14.4 ± 0.9	18.1 ± 0.9	18.1 ± 2.0	16.6 ± 2.0	19.6 ± 0.9	18.8 ± 3.3	18.9 ± 2.2	0.5773	0.1717	0.6808
Alanine	30.1 ± 2.5	36.4 ± 1.5	39.0 ± 4.4	33.4 ± 3.8	39.7 ± 0.9	38.8 ± 7.1	39.6 ± 5.8	0.6218	0.2492	0.6102
Citulline	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	3.17 ± 3.17	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.4628	0.4168	0.4911
Valine	20.3 ± 2.5	24.5 ± 1.3	26.4 ± 2.3	21.8 ± 2.7	26.1 ± 2.0	27.5 ± 5.3	28.2 ± 4.9	0.5928	0.4005	0.6230
Cystine	3.76 ± 1.18	3.21 ± 0.23	4.08 ± 0.58	2.24 ± 1.17	6.67 ± 1.78	4.43 ± 0.57	4.51 ± 0.79	0.1714	0.1541	0.0787
Methionine	19.4 ± 1.7	23.8 ± 0.6	23.8 ± 2.9	22.9 ± 2.4	26.3 ± 1.2	24.1 ± 3.6	25.4 ± 3.4	0.5088	0.0981	0.6865
Isoleucine	17.1 ± 2.2	20.3 ± 0.9	21.9 ± 3.1	17.7 ± 2.3	21.6 ± 2.4	22.7 ± 4.3	23.6 ± 3.9	0.6379	0.4938	0.6842
Leucine	45.6 ± 4.2	57.1 ± 2.5	57.0 ± 7.1	53.4 ± 6.3	62.1 ± 2.6	57.5 ± 9.4	60.8 ± 8.8	0.6330	0.1696	0.7137
Tyrosine	21.6 ± 2.1	25.9 ± 0.5	25.9 ± 2.7	25.0 ± 3.0	28.4 ± 0.8	25.1 ± 3.7	27.0 ± 4.2	0.7166	0.1562	0.7968
Phenylalanine	21.8 ± 2.1	26.7 ± 1.6	25.0 ± 3.9	22.7 ± 4.2	27.9 ± 2.4	28.9 ± 4.9	29.5 ± 3.7	0.6521	0.4646	0.9891
GABA	5.98 ± 1.34	8.04 ± 0.80	7.94 ± 1.48	8.63 ± 0.99	9.64 ± 0.42	7.91 ± 0.53	9.44 ± 1.13	0.2760	0.0583	0.7342
Histidine	8.47 ± 2.41	12.2 ± 0.6	12.2 ± 1.55	11.2 ± 1.4	13.3 ± 0.6	13.0 ± 2.4	13.5 ± 2.1	0.4706	0.1438	0.5297

Values are significantly different (p < 0.05).
Values are means±sem from triplicate groups (n = 3) where the values in each row with different superscripts are significantly different (p < 0.05).
GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid.