Table 2. Protein hydrolysates and peptides from fish by-products with their bioactivities

Species	By product	Compound	Biological activity	Reference
Johnius belengeri	Skin	Peptide	Antioxidant	Mendis et al. (2005)
Katsuwana pelamis	Muscle waste	Peptide	ACE inhibitory activity	Intarasirisawat et al. (2013)
Exocoetus volitans	Muscle waste	Hydrolysates and peptide fractions	Antioxidant and anti-tumor (Naqash & Nazeer, 2010)	Lee et al. (2014)
Rachycentron canadum	Skin	Gelatin derivative	Antioxidant, anti-inflammation	Yang et al. (2008)
Sepia officinalis	Skin and viscera	Protein hydrolysates	Antioxidant and anti-hypertension	Ktari et al. (2013)
Oncorhynchus keta	Skin	Peptides	Anti-hypertension	Lee et al. (2014)
Thunnus tonggol	Vicera, bone	Peptides	Antihypertensice, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective	Jensen & Mæhre (2016)
Siberian sturgeon	Cartilages	Peptides	Antioxidant	Sheng et al. (2022)
Clupea harengus	Bone, skin, muscle	Peptides	Anti-inflammatory,	Durand et al. (2020)
S. pilchardus	Muscle	Protein hydrolysate	Anti-inflammatory,	Vieira et al. (2018)
Larimichthys crocea		Peptides	Antimicrobial	Zheng et al. (2020)
Raja kenojei	Muscle	Collagen peptide	Anti-obesity	Woo et al. (2018)

ACE, angiotensin-converting-enzyme.